О В Азаренко - Тлумачний словникз інформатики - страница 7
, , .
bps [Bits Per Second, b/s] (/)
. BRI (Basic Rate Interface - [], , BRI)
ISDN. PRI (Primary Rate Interface) . BRI - 64 / D- ISDN-. , , 128 /; 2B+D 2B1D. BRI ISDN . bridge (. )
bridge page [redirect page, enter page] (-)
-, . - , . -. 䳿 -.
Broadband (, )
() , . ( ) .
() '. 2 /.
() . , , , . . - . , .
Broadband networking ( )
, (modulation). (frequency division multiplxing) . , ( , , .). . odulation, frequency division multiplxing.
broadcast (, , - ) , - .
, a , . Ethernet.
ົ . browser (. )
BS (bachelor of science - )
BS (backspace - , ASCII)
BSA (Business Software Alliance)
. , Microsoft 11 1988 . . BSA (web-site: http://www.bsa.org/bsa ) 15 , Microsoft, Autodesk, Novell, Symantec.
BSA (Business Software Association)
- , BSA.
BSA (Boy Scouts of America - ) BSC (Base Station Controller - )
() . BSD (Berkeley Software Distribution - 볻)
UNIX, , . (. , ). BSOD (Blue Screen Of Death - )
. Windows NT ( Windows) ' ( ). . ³ ' .
BTS (Base Transciever Station - - )
() , . bundled software ( )
, ' .
burst SRAM ( , ')
, -'. bus (. )
bus master ( , )
, .
- ( PCI). , . / . , . bus mastering ( )
, , , . , SCSI-. business solutions (-) (. )
() , , - (, , -̲ ( ), , .). button (. )
BXXP ( - ) (Blocks eXtensible eXchange Protocol) (. peer-to-peer network) , ' (connection-oriented), : ', '. /. XML- . BXXP- (peer-to-peer) ' . BXXP TCP 䳺 HTTP .
bytecode (. , Java)
- C -
C (see - , , )
() , (, C U later - ()).
( ѳ)
(ѳ) , , , Bell Telephone Laboratories (Bell Labs) () г (Dennis M. Ritchie) 1972 UNIX. BCPL (). ѳ , . ѳ, , , , . ѳ . d , C++, , ѳ, Java C#, ѳ . ѳ Turbo C Borland International.
C++ ( ++, ѳ++) (. , )
++ ( ) ' . , , , : , , '- , (generic) . 90- . ' . ' (Bjarne Stroustrup) Bell Labs () 1980 . (ѳ) ѳ (C with Classes). , (++) - ѳ. , ++, x = 3 y = x++, y = 3, x = 4. , y = ++x, y = 4, x = 4. ++ ' 52- ( , , .), ' 18 . , , (++) (--), : (*=), (/=), (%=), (+=), (-=), (<<=) (>>=). : (&), ( | ) ( ) ( ), (&&) ( ||) . , ' , : , , , , -, . , , , - ', , , , , .. , ', 䳿 '. C++ , : ANSI (The American National Standards Institute), BSI (The British Standards Institute), ͳ DIN (The German national standards organization) , , 2003 . ̳ ISO (The International Standards Organization) - ISO/IEC 14882:2003. ++ Visual C++, Visual C++ .NET (Visual Studio.NET) C++Builder ( Borland).
C# (ѳ )
(.NET) , -, ' - (Web-services), . Microsoft 2000 . .NET Framework. C# - '- , , . (Anders Hejlsberg), Turbo Pascal Delphi/Object Pascal. ³ (Scott Wiltamuth). # '- - Visual C# .NET Microsoft. 2003 . C# CLR ̳ (ISO) .
2 (customer to customer - )
, . - - .
CaaS (Communications as a Service - ' ) (. )
() ', ( CaaS) , IP- ( , Voice as a Service, VaaS), -', .
cable Modem ( )
, ' , on-line.
cache (. )
CAD (Computer Aided Design - )
, ', , 䳿 '.
CAD/CAM (omputer-aided design/ computer-aided manufacturing)
. , , , .
CAE (Computer-Aided Engineering - CAD/CAM)
'. ( ). . VPD.
CAE (Common Applications Environment - )
, POSIX Ⳡ ѳ. UNIX-, X/Open. CAE (central assembly element - ) CAE (communications and electronics - () ) CALS ( [, ] )
(CALS), ' . - , . CALS- 䳺 . CALS , : ) 1985 - Computer-Aided of Logistics Support; ) 1988 -Computer Acquisition and Logistics Support; ) 1993 - Continuous Acquisition and Lifecycle Support; ) 1995 - Commerce At Light Speed. CALS- , - . , . CALS : ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) ; ) , ; ) ; ) .
CAM (Computer-Aided Manufacturing - [ '] )
, . ( ).
CAMEL (Customized Application for Mobile Network Enchanced Logic)
() IN (Intellegence Network - ) GSM. 堠 , 堠 볺 '. campus (. ) campus network ( )
' , . CAO (Chief Administrative Officer - ) (. CEO, CFO, CIO, COO, CSO, CTO, Chief Knowledge Officer) card reader (. )
careware ( . care - . software - )
. - charityware. - (shareware). , .
CASE (Computer Aided Software Engineering - )
, ' , , , (). , (), , () , , , , , , . CASE- . , , . CASE- . . .
case study ( )
, . , .
-. , , , ( , , .) .
, () .
Catenet
, -' , ' (gateways) . .
CAV (Constant Angular Velocity - ) (. CLV)
/ , CD-ROM. ϳ , .
CBSD (component-based software development - ', , CBSE) (. COTS, CBSE)
, , . ϳ , , . 㳺 ' (component-based software engineering, CBSE), (off-the-shelf, COTS) .
CBSE (omponent-based software engineering - ', CBSE) (. COTS, CBSD)
, ' 1990- . , ' . COM, DCOM CORBA.
(carbon copy - )
ϳ - , , , .
(country code - )
, - - . . Bar-code.
CC2005 [Computing Curricula 2005] ( CC2005, '-2005)
(curriculum report), , (IEEE-CS, ACM, AIS AITP) ' ( ) . : Computing Curricula 1991 (CC'91, CC91), Computing Curricula 2001 (CC2001, S2001), Information Systems 2002 (IS2002), Software Engineering 2004 (SE2004), Computer Engineering 2004 (CE2004). 2005- CC2005 , , ' ' (computing). ³ , ' : ) ' (Computer engineering, CE); ) ' (Computer science, CS); ) (Information systems, IS); ) 㳿 (Information technology, IT); ) (Software engineering, SE). CC2005 , '.
CCD (Consumer Computing Device - ' )
CCD (Charge-Coupled Device - ', ) (. CMOS-matrix) . , . CCD- - ( '). . CCD - . , , . Sony Alpha Olympus E-series. CCD , CCD-.
(, , ), , .
CCITT (International Consultative Committee for Telegraphy and Telephony - )
ϳ ̳ (ITU) . CCITT , Recommendations () . - ̳ ' (ITU-T). CCM (content and collaboration management)
. CCS (Common Command Set)
SCSI, ANSI. CD (Compact Disk - - [-, ])
4,75 (12 ), . . Philips Sony 80- . 90- CD .
CD (clock driver - ) CD (carrier detect - )
, , .
CD-ROM (Compact Disk Read-Only Memory - - , , CD-ROM) (. - optical disk)
, -, () - . 120 (4,75") 1,2 . Philips Sony 1983 . CD-ROM 650 . 150 / ( 1), 52 6-7,5 / (50). ( 12) (CAV). -: CD-Audio, CD-Graphic, CD-MIDI, PhotoCD Kodak. - , , . . CD-ROM 2 .
CD-RW (Compact Disk Rewritable [Read-Write] - -)
-, ( ). CD-RW - CD-R, () CD-RW.
CDFS (Compact Disk File System - -, CDFS) (. Windows NT)
, -, . ϳ , (CD-ROM). Windows 95 Windows NT. CDI (Customer Data Integration - )
CRM. , , , , .
CDI [CD-I] (Compact Disk Interactive - -)
-. 1988 . Philips , (, -, - ).
CDI (Content Delivery Infrastructure - )
, -.
CDM (Code Division Multiplex - []) CDM (Conceptual Data Model - )
, . . .
CDM (Custom Device Module - )
CDMA (Code Division Multiple Access [ spread spectrum] - () , ) (. DAMA, FDMA, TDMA, )
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О В Азаренко - Тлумачний словникз інформатики